Rutherford and his colleagues fired a beam of small, positively charged alpha particles at thin gold foil. some of these alpha particles were deflected at angles as they passed through the foil.

what conclusion did rutherford and his colleagues draw from their results?
a) the atom must contain some neutral charge spread throughout the atom. he called these particles neutrons.
b) the atom must contain some centrally located negative charge. he called this core of negative charge the nucleus.
c) the atom must contain some centrally located positive charge. he called this core of positive charge the nucleus.
d) thomson's plum pudding model of the atom was correct. the atom contains positive charge spread throughout its structure.

explanation:

metals have excess of electrons whereas non-metals have deficiency of electrons. thus, in order to gain stability metals easily donate their electrons to the non-metals.

for example, electronic configuration of sodium is and electronic configuration of phosphorous is .

when a phosphorous atom and sodium atom combine together then sodium will donate is extra one electron to the phosphorous atom. as a result there will be formation of ionic bond between sodium and phosphorous.

the reaction will be as follows.

there, are three sodium sodium atoms and each of them will donate its one extra electron to phosphorous atom. thus, the sub-shell of phosphorous gets completely filled.  

thus, we can conclude that electrons are transferred from atoms of sodium to atoms of phosphorous. this transfer makes the sodium atoms donate one electron and the phosphorous atoms to gain one electron. as a result, the sodium and phosphorus atoms strongly attract each other.