The spontaneous direction of a metabolic reaction is dictated by the ratio of substrate and products under equilibrium conditions (k) and under cellular conditions (q). compare the two reactions a→b and c→d. for a→b, δg˚ = –13 kj/mol. for c→d, δg˚ = 3.5 kj/mol. the cellular concentrations are as follows: [a] = 0.050 mm, [b] = 4.0 mm, [c] = 0.060 mm, and [d] = 0.010 mm. which statement below correctly describes the relationship between q and k for both reactions? are these reactions spontaneous as written under cellular conditions?
a. q > k for both reactions. both are nonspontaneous at those concentrations of substrate and product. b. q < k for both reactions. both are spontaneous at those concentrations of substrate and product.

Chemical energy is a form of a. kinetic energy only. b. both potential and kinetic energy. c. neither potential nor kinetic energy. d. potential energy only. reset

What is a difference between a mixture of elements and a mixture of compounds

Achemist at a pharmaceutical company is measuring equilibrium constants for reactions in which drug candidate molecules bind to a protein involved in cancer. the drug molecules bind the protein in a 1: 1 ratio to form a drug-protein complex. the protein concentration in aqueous solution at 25 ˚c is 1.74 x10-6 m . drug a is introduced into the protein solution at an initial concentration of 2.00 x10-6m. drug b is introduced into a separate, identical protein solution at an initial concentration of 2.00 x10-6m. at equilibrium, the drug a-protein solution has an a-protein complex concentration of 1.00 x10-6m, and the drug b solution has a b-protein complex concentration of 1.40 x10-6m. a. calculate the kc value for the a-protein binding reaction. b. calculate the kc value for the b-protein binding reaction. c. assuming that the drug that binds more strongly will be more effective, which drug is the better choice for further research?