For the following process, determine the change in entropy for the system (δssys), the surrounding (δssys), and the universe (δsuniv). then identify the process as a spontaneous process, a nonspontaneous process, or an equilibrium process at the specified temperature. (assume that the thermodynamic data will not vary with temperature.) pcl3(l) → pcl3(g) at 61.2°c δh o f ( kj mol ) −319.7 −288.07 s o ( j k · mol ) 217.1 311.7 δssys = j k · mol δssurr = j k · mol δsuniv = j k · mol

Lab reagent, hypothesis test. a reference solution used as a lab reagent is purported to have a concentration of 5 mg/dl. six samples are taken from this solution and the following concentrations are recorded: (5.32, 4.88, 5.10, 4.73, 5.15, 4.75) mg/dl. these six measurements are assumed to be an srs of all possible measurements from solution. they are also assumed to have a standard deviation of 0.2, a normal distributin, and a mean concentration equal to the true concentration of the solution. carry out a significance test to determine whether these six measurements provide reliable evidence that the true concentration of the solution is actually not 5 mg/dl.

Calculate the energy required to ionize a hydrogen atom to an excited state where the electron is initially in the n = 5 energy level. report your answer in kilojoules

Which one of the following substances would be the most soluble in ccl4? na2so4 h2o ch3ch2ch2ch2oh c4h10 hi