The world burns appro
year. use the con
tion a
can
burns approximately 3.7 x 10 kg of fossil fuel per
ise the combustion of octane as the representative reac-
and determine the mass of carbon dioxide (the most signifi-
greenhouse gas) formed per year. the current concentration
of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is approximately 399 ppm
(by volume). by what percentage does the concentration in-
crease each year due to fossil fuel combustion? approximate the
average properties of the entire atmosphere by assuming that
the atmosphere extends from sea level to 15 km and that it has
an average pressure of 381 torr and average temperature of 275 k.
assume earth is a perfect sphere with a radius of 6371 km.

Think about how you can use le chatelier’s principle to find possible solutions to the design problem. describe at least two ways to increase the yield (amount) of ammonia based on this principle.

13. calculate the initial concentration (before precipitation) of carbonate ions after the addition of each 0.05 ml of solution b to the 1.00 l beaker of solution a. divide the work among group members and write the answers in the table in model 3. assume the volume change as solution b is added is negligible. 14. notice the initial concentrations of zn2+ - and cu2+ in the table in model 3. a. explain how these were obtained from the data in model 2. b. as solution b is added and precipitates form, do these initial concentrations change? 15. use the data in model 2 to indicate the presence of precipitate (either znco3 or cuco3) after each 0.05 ml addition of solution b in model 3. 16. use the initial concentrations of carbonate ions and zinc ions to calculate the reaction quotient, qsp for the zinc carbonate scenarios in model 3. divide the work among group members and write the answers in the table in model 3. 17. use the initial concentrations of carbonate ion and copper(ii) ions to calculate the qsp for the copper(ii) carbonate scenarios in model 3. divide the work among group members and write the answers in the table in model 3.

Which of the following ocean acidification? are the most likely side effects of a ph less than 7.0 in the ocean b. more metal salts altering the ocean chemistry c. dissolution of the shells of marine organisms d. both a & b e. all of the above.