Based on the electron configuration of the two
atoms, predict the ratio of metal cationic (+) atom
to nonmetal anionic atom in the compound.
lithium 1s22s
chlorine 1s22s22p 3s23p5
a. 1: 1
b. 1: 2
c. 2: 1
d. 3: 1
d. 3: 1

A

Explanation:

Cuz the when you pair Li and Cl, it becomes LiCl (it has 1:1 ratio)

A. 1 : 1

Explanation:

First off, it's important to identify the groups both elements belong to. This would enable us know the number of electrons that is needed to be lost or gained to reach it's octet configuration.

To identify the group from the electronic configuration, add the powers of the highest number present,

In Lithuium, the highest number is 2. It's power is 1. So it belongs to group 1. Hence it needs to lose it's one valence electron to reach it's octet state.

In Chlorine, the highest number is 3. The powers ( 3S and 3P) are 2 and 5. belongs to group 7. Hence it needs to gain one more electron to complete its octet configuration.

So what we have now is;

Li⁺ + Cl⁻

Since both charges cancels out, we have LiCl as the product compound. Hence the ratio of metal cationic (+) atom to nonmetal anionic (-) atom in the compound is 1 : 1

c is having 4 valence electrons and is bonded to three hydrogens and one sulphur atom, therefore, the number of bond pair is equal to four. as all the valence electrons are used in forming the bonds so, there is no lone pair left on carbon.

s is having 6 valence electrons and is bonded to one other sulfur atom and one carbon atom, therefore, the number of bond pair is equal to 2. as only two valence electrons are used in forming the bonds so, four electrons are left. therefore, two lone pairs are present on s.