The amount of heat required to change liquid water to vapor at its boiling temperature is 2256 kj/kg. the amount of heat required to change liquid mercury to its vapor state at its boiling temperature is 295 kj/kg. one kg of each substance is currently at its boiling point.
how will the amount of thermal energy required to change each substance from a liquid to a gas differ?
water and mercury will require the same amount of energy to change from liquid to gas.
water will require a greater amount of energy to change from liquid to gas than mercury.
mercury will require a greater amount of energy to change from liquid to gas than water.
neither water nor mercury will require any energy to change from liquid to gas as long as they are each at their boiling temperatures.

2. Water will require a greater amount of energy to change from liquid to gas than mercury.

Explanation:

As stated water meeds 2256 kJ/kg to change from liquid to vapor, while mercury only needs 295 kJ/kg.

So the right answer is:

2. Water will require a greater amount of energy to change from liquid to gas than mercury.

If you want to analyze the others:

1. Water and mercury will require the same amount of energy to change from liquid to gas.

This is simply wrong because as I already said the difference in energy is obvious.

3. Mercury will require a greater amount of energy to change from liquid to gas than water.

Mercury requires less than water

4. Neither water nor mercury will require any energy to change from liquid to gas as long as they are each at their boiling temperatures.

When a substance reach its boiling temperature you need to add the required thermal energy, so water and mercury need heat to change to vapor

answer : a model is often used to explain and make things easier to understand when any scientific topic needs to be demonstrated and explained.

as in this case where a scientist wants to use a model to present the results of his detailed scientific investigation. he should do it as it will him to make the audience understand the concept in a much better way. also, it can be changed according to new scientific understandings.