Fossil fuels form natural­ly from decaying plants and animals living in ancient seas millions of years ago. this is harvested as crude oil and it contains many hydrocarbons, or molecules that contain hydrogen and carbon in various lengths and structures. the refining process uses separation and a technique called conversion, to turn longer chain molecules such as in diesel fuel are broken into shorter ones forming gasoline.

(newtons first law)

conservation of momentum law states :

momentum before collision = momentum after collision

momentum p (kg-m/s)= mass * velocity

say moving car=1 000 kg, velocity = 10 m/s then p = 1 000*10= 10 000 kg-m/s

say still car = 2 000 kg, velocity = 0 m/s then p = 2 000* 0 = 0 kg-m/s

total momentum prior to collision = 10 000 + 0 = 10 000 kg-m/s

momentum after collision = 10 000 kg-m/s

mass now = 1 000 kg+2 000 kg = 3 000 kg

10 000 = 3 000 kg* velocity m/s

10 000/3 000 = velocity

3.33 m/s = velocity after collision

an impulse is a force applied over time , momentum is exclusive of external forces and a perfect collision is implied