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the number above the element’s symbol is the element’s atomic number. match each element with the number of valence electrons it has.

4= Si

5=P

3= Al

6= S

2= Mg

Explanation:

4 → Si

Silicon is part of the carbon group and has 14 electrons, spread over 3 shells:

⇒ on the first shell (K) 2 electrons

⇒on the second shell (L) 8 electrons

⇒ on the third shell (M) the remaining electrons : 14-8-2 = 4

5 → P

phosphorus  is part of the nitrogen group and has 15 electrons, spread over 3 shells:

⇒ on the first shell (K) 2 electrons

⇒on the second shell (L) 8 electrons

⇒ on the third shell (M) the remaining electrons : 15-8-2 = 5

3 → Al

Aluminium is part of the Boron group and has 13 electrons, spread over 3 shells:

⇒ on the first shell (K) 2 electrons

⇒on the second shell (L) 8 electrons

⇒ on the third shell (M) the remaining electrons : 13-8-2 = 3

6 → S

Sulfur is part of the oxygen group and has 16 electrons, spread over 3 shells:

⇒ on the first shell (K) 2 electrons

⇒on the second shell (L) 8 electrons

⇒ on the third shell (M) the remaining electrons : 16-8-2 = 6

2 → Mg

Magnesium is part of the Beryllium or alkaline earth metals group and has 12 electrons, spread over 3 shells:

⇒ on the first shell (K) 2 electrons

⇒on the second shell (L) 8 electrons

⇒ on the third shell (M) the remaining electrons : 12-8-2 = 2

answer : a model is often used to explain and make things easier to understand when any scientific topic needs to be demonstrated and explained.

as in this case where a scientist wants to use a model to present the results of his detailed scientific investigation. he should do it as it will him to make the audience understand the concept in a much better way. also, it can be changed according to new scientific understandings.