Which of the following coenzymes participate in the reactions of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex?
a) thiamine pyrophosphate (tpp)
b) lipoic acid (lipoamide)
c) flavin adenine dinucleotide (fad)
d) nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (nad+)
e) coenzyme a (co-a)

The correct answers are all of them: A) "Thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP)", B) Lipoic acid (lipoamide), C) "Flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD)", D) "Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)" and E) "Coenzyme A (Co-A)".

Explanation:

The pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC) is comprised of three enzymes that converts pyruvate into acetyl-CoA by a series of reactions where different coenzymes participate. During the reaction process: Thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP) is used as prosthetic group by Pyruvate dehydrogenase; Lipoic acid (lipoamide) and Coenzyme A (Co-A) are used as prosthetic group by Dihydrolipoyl transacetylase; and Flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) and Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) are used as cofactor by Dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase.

answer:

the answer is 6 valence electrons.

explanation:

valence is the # of electrons on the outer most shell of an atom.

oxygen has 6.

although, the valency of oxygen is 2, because it only needs to make 2 covalent bonds, or gain 2 electrons, to achieve the stable octet configuration of a noble gas.

that's it!

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