What mass of salt (nacl) should you add to 1.06 l of water in an ice cream maker to make a solution that freezes at -11.0 ∘c ? assume complete dissociation of the nacl and density of 1.00 g/ml for water.

Explanation:

As the given data is as follows.

      Volume = 1.06 L,          

        for water = 1.853 ^{0}C m,     density = 1.00 g/mL

Relation between temperature change and is as follows.

where,          c = concentration

                     i = Van't Hoff factor

                      = cryoscopic constant

When NaCl dissolves in water then it results in formation of sodium ions and chlorine ions. In means two ions are formed so, i = 2. Therefore, putting the given values into the above formula as follows.

                               c = 2.96

As molality is defined as number of moles of solute per kg of solvent.

So, mass of NaCl that should be added is calculated as follows.

                 = 183.54 g

Thus, we can conclude that mass of NaCl that should be added is 183.54 g.

d. temperate deciduous forest