The ideal gas equation states that pv/rt-n, where p is the pressure, v is the volume, t is the temperature, r = 0.08206 latmd(moi. k) is the gas constant and n is the number of moles. for one mole (n , the quantity pv/rt is a constant equal to 1 at all pressures. but, real gases especially at high pressures deviate from this behavior. their response can be modeled with van derwaal's equation given by: nrt n2a v- nb v2 where a and b are constants. consider 1 mol (n-1 of nitrogen gas at t-300 k. for nitrogen gas a - 1.39 l'atm/mol2, and b 0.0391 l/mol. use the vander waal's equation to calculate p as a function of v for 0.08 s v s6 (liters, l), using an increment of 0.02 l. at each value ofv calculate the value of pv/rt and make a plot of pv/rt versus p. on the same figure makea plot for corresponding ideal gas situation. use a solid black line for vander waal's equation and a solid dashed line for ideal gas equation. label the axes and use a legend. does the response of nitrogen agree with the ideal gas situation?

1. the question asks the most appropriate, which seems to rule out "all of the above." your choice appears to be the correct one.

2. the protocol described is good for identifying correlation, but not cause and effect. for cause/effect, you need to devise a protocol that will assign the treatment (or not) to groups that have essentially the same "demographics" with respect to all the other variables. your choice regarding control group seems appropriate. random assignment of treatment (choice d) may be appropriate also. (i think you can argue that b and d are just different descriptions of the same method.)

3. d will randomize the birds, but may not guarantee there are 10 in each group. e will do both, so seems the better choice.

comment on question 2

based on the problem statement, it seems clear that confident, attentive drivers are more likely to use daytime running lights. so, the protocol might need to be devised in such a way that the lights would be turned on or off without the driver's knowledge. (an attentive driver will figure it out.) assigning a confident, attentive driver to a group required to drive without running lights might mess with his/her confidence and attentiveness. you don't want your experiment to do that. (nor do you want the experiment to subject a driver to greater risk of accident as a consequence of driving without running lights.) experiments involving human safety are always problematic.

un recipient conține 6,4 moli de gaz. gazul hidrogen reprezintă 25% din totalul kilometrilor din container. în cazul în care presiunea totală este de 1.24 atm ceea ce este