The lewis dot model of a molecule is shown. a visual diagram of a pcl3 molecule is shown. phosphorous is the central atom with a horizontal line connecting to each of the three chlorine atoms around it. phosphorous has a pair of dots on it. each of the three chlorine atoms have a pair of three dots on it. based on the model, which of the following is true?
( a. the electronegativity difference between phosphorous and chlorine is greater than 1.7.
( b. each chlorine has three non-bonded pairs and one bonded pair of electrons.
( c. phosphorous has three non-bonded pairs and one bonded pair of electrons.
( d. phosphorous has three valence electrons in the outermost energy level.

The answer is B. Each chlorine has three non-bonded pairs and one bonded pair of electrons.

I just took the test and it was correct! 5/5 :)

b. Each chlorine has three non-bonded pairs and one bonded pair of electrons.

Explanation:

Chlorine has three valance electrons. Each Cl atom forms a single covalent bond with the central P atom by sharing a pair of electrons. After forming a single covalent bond each Cl atom is left with six electrons that do not participate in any bond formation or there are three pairs of lone electrons.

- calcium has greater affinity to bond with electron receptors than hydrogen does and hence, it has the ability to replace hydrogen in most of its compounds.

- lithium has 2 valence electrons in the product because it can make only 1 bond with hydrogen. beryllium has 4 valence electrons in the product because it can only make 2 bonds. it has fewer electrons than neon and can react with electron donors. each hydrogen has 2 valence electrons, the same as helium.

- the covalent bond formed between carbon and hydrogen is polar because carbon is more electronegative than hydrogen and it attracts the bonded electron pair closer to itself, thus giving hydrogen a partial positive charge.

- a hydrogen bond is a relatively weak bond that hydrogen atoms make with the electronegative atoms nitrogen, oxygen or fluorine.

so the best choice is a.) 2 calcium (ca) atoms