Consider this second-order reaction: (a b c and rate = k[a]2). what will happen to the reaction rate if the concentration of a is doubled?

The reaction rate will be multiplied by four.

Explanation:

The reaction rate is the measure of how fast a reaction is happening, and it can be calculated by how fast the reactants are disappearing, or how fast the products are being formed.

For a generic reaction:

A → B + C

The rate (r) is:

-r = k*[A]ⁿ

The minus signal refers to the disappearing of the reactant, k is the velocity constant of the reaction, and n is the reaction order. So, for a second-order reaction:

-r = k*[A]²

If the concentration of A is doubled: [A]' = 2[A]

-r' = k*(2[A])²

-r' = k*4*[A]

-r' = 4*k*[A]

-r' = 4*(-r)

answer: option (b) is the correct answer.

explanation:

a covalent bond is formed by sharing of electrons. whereas polarity arises due to difference in electronegativity of two atoms.

therefore, more is the electronegativity of an atom which combines with the titanium, more readily it will induce a partial positive and negative charge.

thus, out of the given options fluorine is most electronegative and has an incomplete octet. therefore, it will readily combine with titanium to share the electrons and complete its octet.