List four physical properties of toothpaste

Abrasiveness is the most common property found in almost every toothpaste. The abrasiveness of a toothpaste is responsible for whitening action and removal of debris stuck on tooth enamel. The same abrasiveness can worsen the teeth sensitivity by damaging the tooth enamel. Relative Dentin Abrasivity (RDA) is used to measure a toothpaste’s abrasiveness.

Other physical properties considered in a toothpaste are as follows:

· Presence of fluoride

· pH

· Foaming ability

Fluoride is a key ingredient that delivers strength to the tooth enamel and fights to prevent tooth decay and gum diseases. Salt and sodium bicarbonate are some materials commonly found in a regular toothpaste. Make sure that your toothpaste contains a good amount of fluoride content. You can use any toothpaste but ensure that you have an effective toothbrush  that can provide optimum oral hygiene.

Answerionic bond imfs are stronger than covalent;