Due to mismanagement, Pakistan Steel Mills is currently over levered with a debt to capital ratio of 80% and a pre-tax cost of debt of 8%. Management of Pakistan Steel Mills is considering a restructuring that will reduce the company's debt to capital ratio to 40% and its pre-tax cost of debt to 6%. Current:
Debt/(Debt+Equity) = 80%
Cost of Debt (pre-tax) = 8%
Cost of Equity = 24.10%

Recapitalised:
Debt/(Debt+Equity) = 40%
Cost of Debt (pre-tax) = 6%
Cost of Equity = ?

If the marginal tax rate is 25%, the risk-free rate is 2.5%, and the equity risk premium is 6%, estimate the cost of capital after the restructuring.

Which of the following statements is correct? large corporations are taxed more favorably than sole proprietorships. corporate stockholders are exposed to unlimited liability. due to limited liability, unlimited lives, and ease of ownership transfer, the vast majority of u. s. businesses (in terms of number of businesses) are organized as corporations. most businesses (by number and total dollar sales) are organized as partnerships or proprietorships because it is easier to set up and operate in one of these forms rather than as a corporation. however, if the business gets very large, it becomes advantageous to convert to a corporation, mainly because corporations have important tax advantages over proprietorships and partnerships. most business (measured by dollar sales) is conducted by corporations in spite of large corporations’ often less favorable tax treatment, due to legal considerations related to ownership transfers and limited liability.

Drag the tiles to the correct boxes to complete the pairs.(there's not just one answer)match each online banking security practice with the pci security requirement that mandates it.1. encrypting transfer of card data2. installing a firewall3. installing antivirus software4. assigning unique ids and user namesa. vulnerability management programb. credit card data protectionc. strong access controlsd. secure network

The state troopers in one state have a motto, “nine you’re fine; ten you’re mine,” which is the standard that they use for pulling over speeders on the state highways. in other words, if the posted speed limit is 55 mph, drivers can drive at a rate up to 64 mph without fear of getting a ticket. which of the following best describes the ethical culture in the state? a. the troopers are following a standard of positive law. b. the troopers are following a normative standard. c. the troopers are following a headline test. d. the troopers are following the blanchard/peale standard.