Exchange traded mutual funds (ETFs): a. fill their buy and sell orders at the closing prices at the end of the trading day.
b. always distribute their capital gains to fund holders, resulting in low taxes.
c. are traded throughout the day on stock exchanges.
d. are actively managed by investors, resulting in high costs and high taxes.
e. are closed-end funds with a fixed number of shares outstanding.

Explain whether each of the following events increases or decreases the money supply. a. the fed buys bonds in open-market operations. b. the fed reduces the reserve requirement. c. the fed increases the interest rate it pays on reserves. d. citibank repays a loan it had previously taken from the fed. e. after a rash of pickpocketing, people decide to hold less currency. f. fearful of bank runs, bankers decide to hold more excess reserves. g. the fomc increases its target for the federal funds rate.

Type of deposit reserve requirementcheckable deposits $7.8 - 48.3 million 3%over $48.3 million 10noncheckable personal savings and time deposits 0refer to the accompanying table. if a bank has $60 million in savings deposits and $40 million in checkable deposits, then its required reserves are$1.2 million.

Suppose an investor starts with a portfolio consisting of one randomly selected stock. as more and more randomly selected stocks are added to the portfolio, what happens to the portfolio's risk