List three causes of a favorable direct materials price variance.

88 because 4 plus 4 equals 8. 40 plus 40 equals 80. 80 plus 8 equals 88

answer; ///(d); determining who competes most closely   with whom evaluating whether industry driving forces and competitive pressure favor some strategic groups and hurt others, and ascertaining whether the profit potential of different strategic groups varies due to the strengths and weaknesses in each groups respective market positions;