The difference between actual overhead costs incurred and the budgeted overhead costs based on a flexible budget is the: Multiple Choice Production variance. Controllable variance. Volume variance. Price variance. Quantity variance.

The difference between actual overhead costs incurred and the budgeted overhead costs based on a flexible budget is the controllable variance.

In accounting, there are two elements of a variance- rate variance and volume variance. While the rate variance refers to the difference in the actual price paid vs. the budgeted price, the volume variance refers to the portion of the variance in sales, unit usage.

In short, we can say that the controllable variance is the amount that is not part of the volume variance. Rather, it is the difference in the overhead cost incurred and the budgeted overhead cost.  

Learn more about variance here:

the investment was $14,174.196

explanation:

a lump sum means that the father of the example made one deposit and leave it be.

we need to know the value of a capital that generated at 4.05% per year during 28 years the sum of $48,613.24

now clearing the formula to solve for capital we got:

and we reach the answer investment = $14,174.20