Total direct operating margin less indirect expenses equals

Total operating income.

Explanation:

Costing is the measurement of the cost of production of goods and services by assessing the fixed costs and variable costs associated with each step of production.

In Financial accounting, a direct cost can be defined as any expense which can easily be connected to a specific cost object such as a department, project or product. Some examples of direct costs are cost of raw materials, machineries or equipments.

On the other hand, any cost associated with the running, operations and maintenance of a company refers to indirect costs. Some examples of indirect costs are utility bill, office accessories, diesel etc.

In Financial accounting, the total operating income can be defined as the sum total of the profit of a business firm (company) after its regular, recurring costs and expenses have been deducted. Thus, it's the amount of revenue generated by a business firm (company) after subtracting all operating expenses and cost of goods sold (COGS).

Mathematically, the total operating income of a business is calculated by subtracting the indirect expenses incurred by the business firm from its total direct operating margin.

This ultimately implies that, total direct operating margin less indirect expenses equals total operating income.

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