In which case below is the real interest rate the highest? a. the nominal interest rate = 4% and inflation = -2%

b. the nominal interest rate = 12% and inflation = 8%

c. the nominal interest rate = 2% and inflation = 6%

d. the nominal interest rate = 4% and inflation = 2%

The cost of capital: introduction the cost of capital: introduction companies issue bonds, preferred stock, and common equity to aise capital to invest in capital budgeting projects. capital is』necessary factor of production and like any other factor, it has a cost. this cost is equal to the select the applicable security. the rates of return that investors require on bonds, preferred stocks, and common equity represent the costs of those securities to the firm. companies estimate the required returns on their securities, calculate a weighted average of the costs of their different types of capital, and use this average cost for capital budgeting purposes. required return on rate: when calculating om operations when the firm's primary financial objective is to select shareholder value. to do this, companies invest in projects that earnselect their cost of capital. so, the cost of capital is often referred to as the -select -select and accruals, which a se spontaneously we hted average cost of capital wa c our concern is with capital that must be provided by select- 쑤 interest-bearing debt preferred stock and common equity. capital budgeting projects are undertaken, are not included as part of total invested capital because they do not come directly from investors. which of the following would be included in the caculation of total invested capital? choose the response that is most correct a. notes payable b. taxes payable c retained earnings d. responses a and c would be included in the calculation of total invested capital. e. none of the above would be included in the cakulation of total invested capital.

John is a 45-year-old manager who enjoys playing basketball in his spare time with his teenage sons and their friends. at work he finds that he is better able to solve problems that come up because of his many years of experience, but while on the court, he finds he is not as good keeping track of the ball while worrying about the other players. john's experience is:

U. s. internet advertising revenue grew at the rate of r(t) = 0.82t + 1.14 (0 ≤ t ≤ 4) billion dollars/year between 2002 (t = 0) and 2006 (t = 4). the advertising revenue in 2002 was $5.9 billion.† (a) find an expression f(t) giving the advertising revenue in year t.