Which of the following best describes a push strategy? Group of answer choices Manufacturer builds strong consumer demand for a product to force members to automatically promote the manufacturer’s product because it is in their obvious self-interest to do so. Manufacturer develops mutual effort and cooperation in the development and implementation of promotional strategies by working directly with members to develop strong and viable promotional support. Manufacturers use the push strategy to secure distributor cooperation by "pushing" their products through the channel. Manufacturers’ push strategies can be effective, however, they are limited in their ability to secure strong distributor support. Unlike the pull strategy, the push strategy requires indirect involvement from the distributor.

If a firm plans to issue new stock, flotation costs (investment bankers' fees) should not be ignored. there are two approaches to use to account for flotation costs. the first approach is to add the sum of flotation costs for the debt, preferred, and common stock and add them to the initial investment cost. because the investment cost is increased, the project's expected return is reduced so it may not meet the firm's hurdle rate for acceptance of the project. the second approach involves adjusting the cost of common equity as follows: . the difference between the flotation-adjusted cost of equity and the cost of equity calculated without the flotation adjustment represents the flotation cost adjustment. quantitative problem: barton industries expects next year's annual dividend, d1, to be $1.90 and it expects dividends to grow at a constant rate g = 4.3%. the firm's current common stock price, p0, is $22.00. if it needs to issue new common stock, the firm will encounter a 6% flotation cost, f. assume that the cost of equity calculated without the flotation adjustment is 12% and the cost of old common equity is 11.5%. what is the flotation cost adjustment that must be added to its cost of retaine

Oliver's company is planning the launch of their hybrid cars. the company has included "never-before-seen" product benefits in the hybrid cars. which type of advertising should oliver's company use for the new cars?

Label each of the following statements true, false, or uncertain. explain your choice carefully. a. workers benefit equally from the process of creative destruction. b. in the past two decades, the real wages of low-skill u. s. workers have declined relative to the real wages of high-skill workers. c. technological progress leads to a decrease in employment if, and only if, the increase in output is smaller than the increase in productivity. d. the apparent decrease in the natural rate of unemployment in the united states in the second-half of the 1990s can be explained by the fact that productivity growth was unexpectedly high during that period.