Suppose there are a large number of men who used to work or seek work who now no longer do either. Other things the same, this makes a. the number of people unemployed rise but does not change the labor force. b. the number of people unemployed rise but makes the labor force fall. c. both the number of people unemployed and the labor force fall. d. the number of people unemployed fall but does not change the labor force.

Which of the following actions would be most likely to reduce potential conflicts of interest between stockholders and managers? a. change the corporation's formal documents to make it easier for outside investors to acquire a controlling interest in the firm through a hostile takeover. b. eliminate a requirement that members of the board of directors must hold a high percentage of their personal wealth in the firm's stock. c. for a firm that compensates managers with stock options, reduce the time before options are vested, i. e., the time before options can be exercised and the shares that are received can be sold. d. pay managers large cash salaries and give them no stock options. e. beef up the restrictive covenants in the firm's debt agreements.