Orion Iron Corp. tracks the number of units purchased and sold throughout each year but applies its inventory costing method at the end of the year, as if it uses a periodic inventory system. Assume its accounting records provided the following information at the end of the annual accounting period, December 31. Transactions Units Unit Cost a. Inventory, Beginning 350 $ 14 For the year: b. Purchase, April 11 950 12 c. Purchase, June 1 700 15 d. Sale, May 1 (sold for $42 per unit) 350 e. Sale, July 3 (sold for $42 per unit) 610 f. Operating expenses (excluding income tax expense), $18,000 Required: 1. Calculate the number and cost of goods available for sale. 2. Calculate the number of units in ending inventory. 3. Compute the cost of ending inventory and cost of goods sold under (a) FIFO, (b) LIFO, and (c) weighted average cost. 4. Prepare an income statement that shows under the FIFO method, LIFO method and weighted average method. 6. Which inventory costing method minimizes income taxes

Part 1.

Number = 2,000 units and Cost  = $26,800

Part 2.

1,040 units

Part 3.

a. FIFO

Ending Inventory  = $14,580

Cost of Goods Sold  = $12,220

b. LIFO

Ending Inventory = $13,180

Cost of Goods Sold  = $13,620

c. Weighted Average Cost

Ending Inventory = $13,936

Cost of Goods Sold = $12,864

Part 4.

Orion Iron Corp.

Income Statement

                                            FIFO               LIFO         Weighted Average

Sales (960 x $42)          $40,320          $40,320               $40,320

Less Cost of Sales        ($12,220)         ($13,620)               ($12,864)

Gross Profit                    $28,100          $26,700                $27,456

Less Expenses

Operating Expenses    ($18,000)         ($18,000)              ($18,000)

Net Income                     $10,100            $8,700                 $9,456

Part 6.

Weighted Average method minimizes Income taxes as it provides lowest profits than the rest of the methods.

Explanation:

Periodic Inventory method ensures that Cost of Sales and Inventory Value are determined at the end of the period.

Cost of Goods Available for Sale = Beginning Inventory + Purchases

therefore,

Number = 350 + 950 + 700 = 2,000 units

Cost = 350 x $14 + 950 x $12 + 700 x $15 = $26,800

Units in Ending Inventory = Units available for sale - Units sold

therefore,

Units in Ending Inventory = 2,000 - ( 350 + 610 ) = 1,040

FIFO

This method assumes that the units to arrive first, will be sold first.

Ending Inventory =  340 x $12 + 700 x $15 = $14,580

Cost of Goods Sold = 350 x $14 + 610 x $12 = $12,220

LIFO

This method assumes that the units to arrive last, will be sold first.

Ending Inventory = 690 x $12 + 350 x $14 = $13,180

Cost of Goods Sold = 700 x $15 + 260 x $12 = $13,620

Weighted Average Cost

This method calculates a new unit cost based on units available for sale after each and every purchase. This unit cost is then used to determine the cost of sales and inventory value.

Unit Cost = Total Cost ÷ Units available for sale

                = $26,800 ÷ 2,000 units

                = $13.40

Ending Inventory = Units in Inventory x Unit Cost

                             = 1,040 x $13.40

                             = $13,936

Cost of Goods Sold = Units Sold x Unit Cost

                                 = 960 x $13.40

                                 = $12,864

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