Extreme efficiency comes at a cost of terrible inequality, while perfect equality comes at a cost of terrible inefficiency. However, there are cases where there is no efficiency cost to increased equality. Identify each scenario that is likely to increase equality with little or no efficiency cost. a. Programs offering free or low-cost childcare in Los Angeles lead to increased labor force participation among women, particularly lower-income women.
b. An extension Of unemployment benefits leads to prospective workers taking more time Off between jobs.
c. Using money and influence, rich donors successfully lobby for tax cuts for the highest 1 % of earners.
d. Atlanta's investment in public transportation leads to higher worker productivity, as fewer employees miss days or show up late for work.
e. After-school programs in Chicago reduce crime rates among teenagers.

Identification of cases where there is little or no efficiency cost to increased equality:

a. Programs offering free or low-cost childcare in Los Angeles lead to increased labor force participation among women, particularly lower-income women.

d. Atlanta's investment in public transportation leads to higher worker productivity, as fewer employees miss days or show up late for work.

e. After-school programs in Chicago reduce crime rates among teenagers.

Explanation:

This implies that options 'b' and 'c' result in more costs being incurred from the attempt to close equality gaps.  On the other hand, options 'a', 'd', and 'e' do not increase the costs of closing equality gaps.  Organizations and programs should aim to achieve cost efficiency by applying lesser resources (costs) to achieve greater outcomes.

the page presents four different kinds of threats that volcanoes pose and what to do before, during, and after an eruption.

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