Some argue that Sweden's generous welfare benefits, which pay people who lose their jobs as much as 80 percent of previous incomes for three years, has resulted in too-high unemployment. This can be seen as an example of:

Government failure in fostering a competitive market environment.

Explanation:

Unemployment rate refers to the percentage of the total labor force in an economy, who are unemployed but seeking to be gainfully employed. The unemployment rate is divided into various types, these include;

I. Cyclical unemployment rate (CU).

II. Frictional unemployment rate (FU).

III. Structural unemployment rate (SU).

IV. Actual unemployment rate (AU).

V. Natural Rate of Unemployment (NU).

Some argue that Sweden's generous welfare benefits, which pay people who lose their jobs as much as 80 percent of previous incomes for three years, has resulted in too-high unemployment. This can be seen as an example of government failure in fostering a competitive market environment.

This simply means that, in a perfectly competitive market, there are many buyers and sellers (price takers) of homogeneous products (standardized products with substitute) and the market is free (practically open) to all individuals or business entities that are willing to trade all their goods and services.

Hence, a perfectly competitive market is characterized by the following features;

1. Perfect information.

2. No barriers, it is typically free.

3. Equilibrium price and quantity.

4. Many buyers and sellers.

5. Homogeneous products.

Examples of a perfectly competitive market are the Agricultural sector, e-commerce and the foreign exchange market.

answer (b); /// a method of measuring the opinions of a large group of people by selecting a subset of the larger group, asking them a set of questions and then generalizing those responses;