The chart shows the marginal cost of producing apple pies. A 3-column table titled The cost of pie production has 7 rows. The first column is labeled Pies produced per day with entries 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6. The second column is labeled Total cost with entries 0, 1, 1.50, 1.75, 2.25, 3.50, 5. The third column is labeled Marginal cost with entries 0, 1, 0.50, 0.25, 0.50, 1.25, and 1.50.

This chart demonstrates that the marginal cost

initially decreases as production increases.
initially increases as production increases.
eventually decreases as production increases.
eventually increases as production decreases.

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The business cycle is the periodic but irregular up-and-down movement in economic activity, measured by fluctuations in real gross domestic product (gdp) and other macroeconomic variables. a business cycle is typically characterized by four phases—recession, recovery, growth, and decline—that repeat themselves over time. economists note, however, that complete business cycles vary in length. the duration of business cycles can be anywhere from about two to twelve years, with most cycles averaging six years in length. some business analysts use the business cycle model and terminology to study and explain fluctuations in business inventory and other individual elements of corporate operations. but the term "business cycle" is still primarily associated with larger (industry-wide, regional, national, or even international) business trends.