Upper Division of Lower Company acquired an asset with a cost of $600,000 and a four-year life. The cash flows from the asset, considering the effects of inflation, were scheduled as follows. Year Cash Flow 1 $ 225,000 2 255,000 3 285,000 4 300,000 The cost of the asset is expected to increase at a rate of 10 percent per year, compounded each year. Performance measures are based on beginning-of-year gross book values for the investment base. Ignore taxes. Required: a. What is the ROI for each year of the asset's life, using a historical cost approach? b. What is the ROI for each year of the asset's life if both the investment base and depreciation are determined by the current cost of the asset at the start of each year?

Martinez company has the following two temporary differences between its income tax expense and income taxes payable. 2017 2018 2019 pretax financial income $873,000 $866,000 $947,000 (2017' 2018, 2019) excess depreciation expense on tax return (29,400 ) (39,000 ) (9,600 ) (2017' 2018, 2019) excess warranty expense in financial income 20,000 9,900 8,300 (2017' 2018, 2019) taxable income $863,600 $836,900 $945,700(2017' 2018, 2019) the income tax rate for all years is 40%. instructions: a. prepare the journal entry to record income tax expense, deferred income taxes, and income taxes payable for 2017, 2018, and 2019. b. assuming there were no temporary differences prior to 2016, indicate how deferred taxes will be reported on the 2016 balance sheet. button's warranty is for 12 months. c. prepare the income tax expense section of the income statement for 2017, beginning with the line, "pretax financial income."