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Which of the following best describes the economic effect that results from the government having a budget surplus? a. consumers save more and spend less, enabling long-term financial planning. b. overall demand decreases, reducing the incentive for producers to increase production. c. banks have more deposits, enabling them to make more loans to investors. d. government spending increases, increasing competition for goods and services and driving prices up.

Which of the following is correct? a. a tax burden falls more heavily on the side of the market that is more elastic. b. a tax burden falls more heavily on the side of the market that is less elastic. c. a tax burden falls more heavily on the side of the market that is closer to unit elastic. d. a tax burden is distributed independently of the relative elasticities of supply and demand.

Congressman patrick indicates that he is opposed to tax proposals that call for a flat tax rate because the structure would not tax those individuals who have the ability to pay the tax. discuss the position of the congressman, giving consideration to tax rate structures (e. g., progressive, proportional, and regressive) and the concept of equity.