Loyalty programs like DD Perks can get customers engaged with the brand and incentivize them to stay loyal. But loyalty programs alone are relatively easy for competitors to match and top, and thus they often aren’t sufficient to retain customers and thwart switching. In addition to reward programs, what other factors drive loyalty to a brand, and which of these do you presently see in play at Dunkin’ Donuts? Is there more that Dunkin’ could do to increase customer loyalty?

Afirm plans to begin production of a new small appliance. the manager must decide whether to purchase the motors for the appliance from a vendor at $10 each or to produce them in-house. either of two processes could be used for in-house production; process a would have an annual fixed cost of $200,000 and a variable cost of $7 per unit, and process b would have an annual fixed cost of $175,000 and a variable cost of $8 per unit. determine the range of annual volume for which each of the alternatives would be best. (round your first answer to the nearest whole number. include the indifference value itself in this answer.)