Explain law of demand and supply along with graphical representation and how can we determine the price of any commodity?

The Law of Demand and Supply help us understand how prices are reached in a market.

The Law of Demand states that the higher the price of a good, the lesser the quantity demanded of that good by consumers. Looking at the graph attached, you will see that the demand curve is downward sloping. This is because of the law of demand.

Notice that when the price of the good is $20, there are 4,000 units demanded but when the price goes up to $30, there are now 3,000 units demanded. Consumers demand less of a good as it gets more expensive because it increases their opportunity cost. This means that the money they are spending on a good could be spent elsewhere and if that amount keeps rising, it reduces the quantity of other goods they can get.

The Law of Supply applies to suppliers and states that as prices increases, Suppliers will supply more goods and services because they will have the incentive of more profit guiding them. For that reason the Supply curve will be upward sloping. Notice how at a price of $20, the supply is only 2,000 but when the price rises to 30, the supply increases to 3,000.

The price of a commodity is determined at the Equilibrium point where the Demand and Supply Curves intersect. At this point, the amount that people are willing to pay for a certain quantity of goods matches the price that suppliers are willing to supply the same quantity of goods for. In the graph you will notice that price is $30 and the quantity is 3,000.