A company issues 9%, 5-year bonds with a par value of $140,000 on January 1 at a price of $145,678, when the market rate of interest was 8%. The bonds pay interest semiannually. The amount of each semiannual interest payment is:

In 2007, americans smoked 19.2 billion packs of cigarettes. they paid an average retail price of $4.50 per pack. a. given that the elasticity of supply is 0.50.5 and the elasticity of demand is negative 0.4−0.4, derive linear demand and supply curves for cigarettes. the demand equation is qdequals=nothingplus+nothing times ×p and the supply equation is qsequals=nothingplus+nothing times ×p.

Aprice ceiling is “binding” if the price ceiling is set below the equilibrium price. suppose that the equilibrium price is $5. if a price ceiling is set at $6, this will not affect the market in any way since $5 remains a legally allowable price (since $5 < $6). a price ceiling of $6 is called a “non-binding” price ceiling. on the other hand, if the price ceiling is set at $4, the price ceiling is “binding” because the natural equilibrium price is $5 but that is no longer allowed. what happens when there is a binding price ceiling? at a price below the equilibrium price, quantity demanded exceeds quantity supplied. there is a shortage. normally, price increases eliminate shortages by increasing quantity supplied and decreasing quantity demanded. in this case, however, price increases are not allowed past the price ceiling. we therefore predict that the observed market price will be right at the price ceiling and there will be a permanent shortage. the observed quantity bought and sold will be dictated by the quantity supplied at the price ceiling. although consumers would like to buy more, there are no more units for sale

A. j. was a newly hired attorney for idle time gaming, inc. even though he reported directly to the president of the company, a. j. noticed that the president always had time to converse with the director of sales, calling on him to get a pulse on legal/regulatory issues that, as the company attorney, a. j. could have probably handled. a. j. also noted that the hr manager’s administrative assistant was the go-to person for a number of things that would make life easier at work. a. j. was recognizing the culture at idle time gaming.