In the Stackelberg model, the leader has a firstminusmover advantage because it A. has lower costs than the follower. B. reacts to the follower's decision. C. differentiates its output. D. chooses its output to manipulate the follower to produce the output that most benefits the leader.

Which of the following statements accurately describes how costs and benefits are calculated?

Match the various steps in the creative process undertaken by the ad agency for developing the campaign for wpu, to the steps in young's model of the creative process. creative process in developing wpu's campaignyoung's modelafter intensive analysis of the data and several rounds of brainstorming, the agency executives decided to take a break from this project (the wpu campaign), and instead work on a different client's project before tackling the wpu project again. using a combination of animatics and storyboards, the ad agency conducted research with a representative sample of sixty target consumers to pretest the campaign theme and the creative execution. during a brainstorming session in the creative department, a copywriter's suggestion for a slogan for wpu was recognized as an excellent central idea that could drive the campaign for wpu. the account planning, account management and creative departments at the ad agency had a series of meetings and brainstorming sessions to discuss the creative brief and the results of all the primary and secondary research done with the target consumers. the account planning and the account management groups at the ad agency conducted primary research with a representative sample of the target segment and also studied secondary research data to gain insights required for the campaign development process.

Insurance companies have internal controls in place to protect assets, monitor the accuracy of accounting records and encourage operational efficiencies and adherence to policies. these internal controls are generally of two types: administrative controls and accounting controls. administrative controls are the policies and procedures that guide the daily actions of employees. accounting controls are the policies and procedures that delineate authorizations of financial transactions that are done, safeguard assets, and provide reports on the company’s financial status in a reliable and timely manner. internal controls should include both preventative and detective controls. the purpose of preventative controls is to stop problems and errors before they occur. detective controls identify problems after they have occurred. preventative controls are usually more effective at reducing problems, but they also tend to be more expensive. internal controls must be flexible to adjust for changes in laws and regulations in addition to adding new products or modifying current ones. companies must also do regular analyses to ensure that the benefits of implementing the controls are worth their costs. when concerned about paying unwarranted insurance claims which type of control would be useful?