Suppose the marginal damage and marginal benefit curves in a pol- luted neighborhood are MD = P/3 and MB = 4 – P. Also, suppose that transactions costs are low, so that the neighborhood residents and the firm can bargain. We saw that in this case, the socially optimal level of pollution is achieved. Start by computing the socially optimal P. Then, for each of the following cases, compute the amount of money trans- ferred through the bargaining process, and indicate who pays whom (i. e., whether consumers pay the firm, or vice versa). Also, compute the gains to each party relative to the status quo (i. e., the starting point of the bargaining process).
(a) Residents have the right to clean air; firm is dominant in the bar- gaining process.
(b) Residents have the right to clean air; residents are dominant in the bargaining process.
(c) Firm has the right to pollute; firm is dominant in the bargaining process.
(d) Firm has the right to pollute;residents are dominant in the bargain- ing process.

Benton company (bc), a calendar year entity, has one owner, who is in the 37% federal income tax bracket (any net capital gains or dividends would be taxed at a 20% rate). bc's gross income is $395,000, and its ordinary trade or business deductions are $245,000. ignore the standard deduction (or itemized deductions) and the deduction for qualified business income. if required, round computations to the nearest dollar. a. bc is operated as a proprietorship, and the owner withdraws $100,000 for personal use. bc's taxable income for the current year is $ , and the tax liability associated with the income from the sole proprietorship is $ . b. bc is operated as a c corporation, pays out $100,000 as salary, and pays no dividends to its shareholder. bc's taxable income for the current year is $ , and bc's tax liability is $ . the shareholder's tax liability is $ . c. bc is operated as a c corporation and pays out no salary or dividends to its shareholder. bc's taxable income for the current year is $ , and bc's tax liability is $ . d. bc is operated as a c corporation, pays out $100,000 as salary, and pays out the remainder of its earnings as dividends. bc's taxable income for the current year is $ , and bc's tax liability is $ .

Which of the following is an effective strategy when interest rates are falling? a. use long-term loans to take advantage of current low rates. b. use short-term loans to take advantage of lower rates when you refinance a loan. c. deposit to a short-term savings instrumentals to take advantage of higher interest rates when they mature. d. select short-term savings instruments to lock in earnings at a current high rates.

Nellie lumpkin, who suffered from dementia, was admitted to the picayune convalescent center, a nursing home. because of her mental condition, her daughter, beverly mcdaniel, signed the admissions agreement. it included a clause requiring the par- ties to submit any dispute to arbitration. after lumpkin left the center two years later, she filed a suit against picayune to recover damages for mistreatment and malpractice. [covenant health & rehabilitation of picayune, lp v. lumpkin, 23 so.2d 1092 (miss. app. 2009)] (see page 91.) 1. is it ethical for this dispute—involving negligent medical care, not a breach of a commercial contract—to be forced into arbitration? why or why not? discuss whether medical facilities should be able to impose arbitration when there is generally no bargaining over such terms.