Allied Merchandisers was organized on May 1. Macy Co. is a major customer (buyer) of Allied (seller) products.
May 3 Allied made its first and only purchase of inventory for the period on May 3 for 2,000 units at a price of $8 cash per unit (for a total cost of $16,000).
5 Allied sold 1,000 of the units in inventory for $12 per unit (invoice total: $12,000) to Macy Co. under credit terms 2/10, n/60. The goods cost $8,000 to Allied.
7 Macy returns 100 units because they did not fit the customer’s needs (invoice amount: $1,200). Allied restores the units, which cost $800, to its inventory.
8 Macy discovers that 100 units are scuffed but are still of use and, therefore, keeps the units. Allied sends Macy a credit memorandum for $400 toward the original invoice amount to compensate for the damage.
15 Allied receives payment from Macy for the amount owed on the May 5 purchase; payment is net of returns, allowances, and any cash discount.
Prepare journal entries to record the following transactions for Allied assuming it uses a perpetual inventory system and the gross method. (Allied estimates returns using an adjusting entry at each year-end.)

Explanation:

                                        JOURNAL

Date   Account Title & Explanation  Post          Debit ($)   Credit($)

                                                              Ref.

3- May  Inventory                                                            16,000

             Cash                                                                                      16,000

            (To record the purchase at 8

             per $ for 2000 units

5-May    Account receivable                                             12,000

              Sales                                                                                      12,000

              (To record the sales on account)

5- May   Cost of goods sold                                               8000

              Inventory                                                                                 8000

             (To record Cost of goods sold)

7- May   Sales return & allowance                                      1,200

             Account receivable                                                                  1,200

            (To record the sales return)  

7- May   Inventory                                                                  800

             Cost of good sold                                                                     800

             (To record the cost of inventory

             restored to Allied Company)

8- May   Sales return allowance                                            400  

             Account receivable                                                                   400

             (To record the credit of $400 given

             to Macy company for compensate of

             damage)

15- May  Cash                                                                         10,192

              Sales discount                                                             208

              Account receivable                                                               10400

              (To record the cash received within

              discount period)

N:B

From above ; on May 15 ;

We determine the accounts receivable amount after sales return and allowances;

i.e

Account receivable = Sales - Sales return - Compensation Period

                                 = $12,000 -$1,200 - $ 400

                                 = $10,400

The cash discount =  Account receivable × 2 %

                               = $10,400 × 0.02

                               = $208

The cash received amount = Account receivable × 98%

                               = $10,400 × 0.98

                               = $10,192

I hope that helps alot!

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