Company A and Company B are identical in all regards except that during Year 1 Company A borrowed $32,000 at an interest rate of 10%. In contrast, Company B obtained financing by acquiring $32,000 from sale of common stock. Company B agreed to pay a $3,200 cash dividend each year. Both companies are in a 30% tax bracket. Which company would show the greater retained earnings at the end of Year 1, and by what amount?

You work as the sales manager for a company that sells office supplies to businesses of all sizes. because the profit margins are razor-thin, you need to ensure that you are getting the very best prices on paper, pencils, pens, post-it notes, and other office supplies from the manufacturers. when reviewing the quarterly profit statement, you realize that your costs are higher than they should be, and you trace the higher costs back to an employee who has been lax about getting competitive bids to ensure the lowest prices. when you conduct your research to determine the reason for the higher costs, and take action to bring those costs back down, in which of the key management processes are you taking part?