The stockholders’ equity accounts of Castle Corporation on January 1, 2017, were as follows.

Preferred Stock (8%, $50 par, cumulative, 11,000 shares authorized) $ 425,000
Common Stock ($1 stated value, 1,950,000 shares authorized) 1,150,000
Paid-in Capital in Excess of Par—Preferred Stock 105,000
Paid-in Capital in Excess of Stated Value—Common Stock 1,450,000
Retained Earnings 1,850,000
Treasury Stock (10,500 common shares) 42,000

During 2017, the corporation had the following transactions and events pertaining to its stockholders’ equity.

Feb. 1 Issued 25,500 shares of common stock for $116,000.
Apr. 14 Sold 5,800 shares of treasury stock—common for $33,900.
Sept. 3 Issued 5,200 shares of common stock for a patent valued at $35,900.
Nov. 10 Purchased 1,100 shares of common stock for the treasury at a cost of $6,000.
Dec. 31 Determined that net income for the year was $450,000.
No dividends were declared during the year.

A: Journalize the transactions and the closing entry for net income.

B: Enter the beginning balances in the accounts, and post the journal entries to the stockholders’ equity accounts.

C: Prepare a stockholders’ equity section at December 31, 2017, including the disclosure of the preferred dividends in arrears.