The total cost to the firm of producing zero units of output is A. its variable cost in both the short run and the long run. B. its fixed cost in both the short run and the long run. C. its fixed cost in the short run and zero in the long run. D. zero in both the short run and the long run.

Problem page a medical equipment industry manufactures x-ray machines. the unit cost c (the cost in dollars to make each x-ray machine) depends on the number of machines made. if x machines are made, then the unit cost is given by the function =cx+−0.3x2126x31,935 . how many machines must be made to minimize the unit cost?

Power plants that rely on coal increase the amount of sulfur dioxide that dissolves into the air, eventually increasing the acidity of precipitation. the higher acidity of rain and snow can damage forests by making it more difficult for plants to absorb minerals from the soil. the equations below provide information about the market demand and supply of electricity. there is a constant marginal external cost of $25 per unit of electricity. d: qd= 200 – 2ps: qs=p – 10what quantity of electricity satisfies allocative efficiency in this market? a. 60b. 70c. 50d. 43.3

Skathy lee berggren, a professor of oral communication at cornell university, indicates “a lot of my students re­ally [only] scratch the surface with the type of research they’re doing.” according to andy guess, at inside higher ed, “just because students walk in the door as ‘digital natives’, doesn’t mean they’re equipped to handle the heavy lifting of digital databases and proprietary search engines that comprise the bulk of modern, online re­search techniques.” students erroneously think a google search is research. as you read through the reasons that should stimulate your interest in studying research methods or evaluate the nine factors that guarantee good research, what actions do you propose to narrow the gap between students’ research competence and what’s required of a modern college graduate about to become a manage