World Company expects to operate at 80% of its productive capacity of 50,000 units per month. At this planned level, the company expects to use 25,000 standard hours of direct labor. Overhead is allocated to products using a predetermined standard rate based on direct labor hours. At the 80% capacity level, the total budgeted cost includes $50,000 fixed overhead cost and $275,000 variable overhead cost. In the current month, the company incurred $305,000 actual overhead and 22,000 actual labor hours while producing 35,000 units. (Do not round your intermediate calculations.)

a. $13

b. $20,625 Unfavorable

Explanation:

a. Computation of overhead volume variance is shown below:-

Variable overhead rate = Variable overhead cost ÷ Expected standard hours

= $275,000 ÷ 25,000

= 11 direct labor hour

Fixed overhead rate = Productive capacity ÷ Expected standard hours

= $50,000 ÷ 25,000

= $2 direct labor hour

Total overheard rate = Variable overhead rate + Fixed overhead rate

= $11 + $2

= $13

b. The computation of overhead controllable variance is shown below:-

Variable overhead cost = Overhead rate × Standard hours

= $11 × 21,875

= $240,625

Fixed overhead cost = Overhead rate × Standard hours

= $2 × 21,875

= $43,750

Total overhead cost = $13 × 21,875

= $284,375

Actual result = $305,000

Variance = Actual result - overhead cost applied

= $305,000 - $284,375

= $20,625 Unfavorable

Working note:-

Standard direct labor hours = Actual units ÷ Standard hours

= 35,000 × 1.6

= $21,875

Standard units per hour = (Standard capacity × Expected production) ÷ Standard hours

= (50,000 units × 80%) ÷ 25,000 hours

= 1.6 units per hour

sound is invisible, but sometimes we can feel it. when a kettle-drum is thumped with a stick that time the tight drum skin moving up and down very quickly for some time and then it pumped sound waves into the air. loudspeakers also work in a similar manner.

components of a speaker:

electromagnet

in order to translate an electrical signal into an audible sound, an electromagnet is used in looudspeakers

  suspension

suspension is used to   center the voice coil in the gap of the magnet and it exerts a restoring force to keep it there. suspension is used to limits the maximum mechanical excursion of the diaphragm and voice coil.

voice coil

voice coil is a coil of wire which is attached to the apex of a loudspeaker cone. it provides the motive force to the cone by the reaction of a magnetic field to the current passing through it.

cone

in a   loudspeaker, a   thin, semi-rigid membrane attached to the voice coil, which moves in a magnetic gap due to which it vibrates   and produced sound. it is known as diaphragm and it can also be called a cone, though not all speaker diaphragms are cone-shaped.

surround

surround is also known as front suspension. surround is used to join the cone to the chassis. together with the suspension it controls the cone excursion, and it is also used to   determine how energy which is   travelling through the cone is absorbed, and how the speaker limits when it reaches the ends of its travel.

dustcap

dustcap is used to protect the voice coil from dust and dirt. it is a part of the cone.

how speaker work

the outer part of the cone is fastened to the outer part of the loudspeaker's circular metal rim. the inner part is fixed to   voice coil that sits just in front of a permanent magnet . when loudspeaker is hooked up to a stereo, electrical signals feed through the speaker cables into the coil. it will convert the coil into an electromagnet magnet . when electricity flows back and forth in the cables, the electromagnet either repels or attract the permanent magnet. this moves the coil back and forth, and it pull and push the loudspeaker cone. like a drum skin vibrating back and forth, the moving cone pumps sounds out into the air.in this way loudspeakers works.

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