Parson Company acquired an 80 percent interest in Syber Company on January 1, 2017. Any portion of Syber's business fair value in excess of its corresponding book value was assigned to trademarks. This intangible asset has subsequently undergone annual amortization based on a 15-year life. Over the past two years, regular intra-entity inventory sales transpired between the two companies. No payment has yet been made on the latest transfer. All dividends are paid in the same period as declared.

The individual financial statements for the two companies as well as consolidated totals for 2018 follow:

Parson
Company Syber
Company Consolidated
Totals
Sales $ (880,000 ) $ (680,000 ) $ (1,424,000 )
Cost of goods sold 540,000 440,000 851,000
Operating expenses 116,000 124,000 242,000
Income of Syber (86,800 ) 0 0
Separate company net income $ (310,800 ) $ (116,000 )
Consolidated net income $ (331,000 )
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest 20,200
Net income attributable to Parson Company $ (310,800 )
Retained earnings, 1/1/18 $ (623,600 ) $ (306,000 ) $ (623,600 )
Net income (above) (310,800 ) (116,000 ) (310,800 )
Dividends declared 78,000 38,000 78,000
Retained earnings, 12/31/18 $ (856,400 ) $ (384,000 ) $ (856,400 )
Cash and receivables $ 378,000 $ 88,000 $ 442,400
Inventory 198,000 176,000 360,500
Investment in Syber Company 392,400 0 0
Land, buildings, and equipment 396,000 284,000 680,000
Trademarks 0 0 32,500
Total assets $ 1,364,400 $ 548,000 $ 1,515,400
Liabilities $ (310,000 ) $ (76,000 ) $ (365,300 )
Common stock (160,000 ) (88,000 ) (160,000 )
Additional paid-in capital (38,000 ) 0 (38,000 )
Noncontrolling interest in Syber 0 0 (95,700 )
Retained earnings (above) (856,400 ) (384,000 ) (856,400 )
Total liabilities and equities $ (1,364,400 ) $ (548,000 ) $ (1,515,400 )

What method does Parson use to account for its investment in Syber?

What is the balance of the intra-entity inventory gross profit deferred at the end of the current period?

What amount was originally allocated to the trademarks?

What is the amount of the current year intra-entity inventory sales?

Were the intra-entity inventory sales made upstream or downstream?

What is the balance of the intra-entity liability at the end of the current year?

What amount of intra-entity gross profit was deferred from the preceding period and recognized in the current period?

What was the ending Noncontrolling Interest in Syber Company computed?

With a tax rate of 40 percent, what income tax journal entry is recorded if the companies prepare a consolidated tax return?

With a tax rate of 40 percent, what income tax journal entry is recorded if these two companies prepare separate tax returns?

Sabrina gupta, an investment advisor with a major brokerage firm, was examining wal-mart stores, inc. (wal-mart) stock and its valuation. gupta wondered whether to recommend the stock to any of her new clients or to existing clients who did not currently have wal-mart in their portfolios. her key task was to use an intrinsic value approach to price the shares and to then compare the resulting price with the price at which the stock was traded in the market. gupta wanted to use alternative valuation methods and assumptions to produce intrinsic value estimates for wal-mart stock. she was interested in seeing if the alternative methods would point to a consensus regarding the valuation of the stock and to see if the valuations suggested an investment opportunity given the current market price. methods she contemplated to use were: multi-stage growth modelprice earnings multiplemost valuation methods gupta considered required a common set of inputs: future cash flows to wal-mart investorsgrowth rate of future cash flowsdiscount factor or required rate of return by wal-mart investorsgupta gathered data to determine each of the above. gupta thought that dividends to wal-mart shareholders would adequately capture the cash flows to wal-mart shareholders; she also thought that this approach would simplify her task and she would revisit more complex valuation models if she felt the need. gupta thought that capm would provide her a relatively reliable estimate of the required rate of return. capm based required rate of return can be estimated by using a risk free rate, systematic risk of the firm and equity market risk premium. gupta thought that in a valuation exercise that involve long term cash flows, 10-year government bond yield would be an appropriate risk free rate of return estimate. she checked the 10 year note rate and found out that it was about 3.68%. gupta searched for wal-mart beta in bloomberg. bloomberg estimates betas by regressing the s& p 500 returns on the firm returns over the past two years and arrives at a “raw” beta estimate. bloomberg makes an adjustment in raw beta based on some academic research. gupta is confident that bloomberg adjustment is justified and she uses wal-mart beta estimate of 0.66 in her analysis. while gupta is aware of the importance of emrp assumption, she thinks that bloomberg’s historical estimate of 5.05% is a safe assumption. she is aware of the fact that some studies suggest a larger risk premium of approximately six per cent, while others suggest a much lower forward-looking premium of less than four per cent. she is mindful of the arbitrariness of her assumption, and she takes a note to revisit this issue if her valuations produce unreasonable estimates. anticipated dividend growth (g) is often estimated in a variety of ways. first, observed historical dividend growth can be assumed to continue in a perpetual fashion. second, future dividend growth can be estimated on the basis of recent estimates of analysts. gupta noted that the consensus annual wal-mart dividend for fiscal year 2011 was $1.21, and one respected analyst had estimated the expected constant dividend growth (in perpetuity) at approximately 3%.as the chart suggests, both earnings and dividend growth rates are declining but they seem to be higher than the “respected analyst’s” estimates. gupta decides to use several alternative perpetual growth assumptions to see the impact on price. since gupta decided to use variants of dividend discount model (ddm), she checked the anticipated earnings for 2011. analyst’s estimates suggested $4.10 earnings per share. gupta decided to use 10% growth rate from 2011 to 2012 and assumed a steady decline to 3% in 13 years (until 2024) where the perpetual growth rate of 3% resumes. she also assumed that walmart will increase its dividend payout ratio from 30% to 55% from years 2012 to 2024. you are asked to reproduce gupta’s analysis of multi-stage growth model and double check her valuation by using an earnings multiple. you have all the data you need to conduct the multi stage discounted growth model analysis, but you will need to do some research about the multiples valuation.