When Norway, Iceland, Liechtenstein, and Switzerland were joined by the EFTA, all barriers to the free flow of goods and services between the countries was removed. Member nations are allowed to determine the level of trade protection for goods coming from all other nations. What level of economic integration does this represent

Daniel owns 100 shares of abc corporation's common stock. abc uses the fair value option, and recent declines in the firm's credit rating have caused the value of the firm's outstanding bonds payable to drop by 10%. daniel feels this is good news, but he wants to know what you think about the situation. which of the following represents your best response? a : "this situation may be positive for you in that the change in abc's credit standing indicates that the value of the firm's assets is likely increasing. however, the drop in bond value may negate any positive effects on your bottom line, because it means your claim on the firm's assets is simultaneously decreasing." b : "actually, this is bad news all around. the drop in the value of abc's bonds payable means shareholders' claims on the firm's assets have decreased. moreover, abc's declining credit rating means that the firm's assets are probably also dropping in value, thus magnifying your losses even more." c : "on the surface, this seems like good news because it means your claim on the firm's assets has increased. however, the drop in creditworthiness may also indicate that abc's assets are declining in value, thus offsetting any gains associated with the drop in bonds payable." d : "you're right! this is good news because it means that abc's debtholders have a decreased claim on the firm's assets. as a result, the firm's existing shareholders"like you"have seen their claim on the firm's assets increase."

The balance sheet contains the following major sections: current assets long-term investments property, plant, and equipment intangible assets other assets current liabilities long-term liabilities contributed capital retained earnings accumulated other comprehensive income required: the following is a list of accounts. using the letters a through j, indicate in which section of the balance sheet each of the accounts would be classified. if an account does not belong under one of the sections listed, select "not under any of the choices" from the classification drop down box. for all accounts, indicate if the account is a contra account or an account that would normally be deducted on the balance sheet by selecting "yes" from the second drop down box, otherwise select "no". account classification contra or deducted (yes/no) 1. cash 2. bonds payable (due in 8 years) 3. machinery 4. deficit 5. unexpired insurance 6. franchise (net) 7. fund to retire preferred stock 8. current portion of mortgage payable 9. accumulated depreciation 10. copyrights 11. investment in held-to-maturity bonds 12. allowance for doubtful accounts 13. notes receivable (due in 3 years) 14. property taxes payable 15. deferred taxes payable 16. additional paid-in capital on preferred stock 17. premium on bonds payable (due in 8 years) 18. work in process 19. common stock, $1 par 20. land 21. treasury stock (at cost) 22. unrealized increase in value of available-for-sale securities

Which of the following statements is true regarding the definition of a fund? a fund is a fiscal entity which is designed to provide reporting that demonstrates conformance with finance-related legal and contractual provisions separately from gaap reporting. a fund exists to assist in carrying on activities and attaining objectives where there are no specific rules or restrictions. a fund is an accounting entity which is designed to enable reporting in conformity with gaap without being restricted by legal or contractual provisions. a fund is a mechanism developed to provide accounting for revenues and expenditures that are subject to certain restrictions separate from revenues and expenditures that are not subject to restrictions.