Two years ago, State Y enacted a new income tax credit for college prep materials. The credit is available to individuals and is equal to 40% of the cost of the items. The credit may not exceed $50 in any year. State Y's director of finance has discovered this year that the amount of credit claimed is far higher than expected. Which principle of good tax policy might not have been considered in designing this tax that caused the original cost estimate to be too low?

4. suppose that pollution in a neighborhood comes from two factories, with marginal benefit curves given by mb1 = 12 – p1 and mb2 = 8 – p2. the level of pollution in the neighborhood is given by p = p1 + p2. the government wants to limit pollution by instituting a pollution-rights market. the government’s desired level of p is 10, so it prints 10 pollution rights and offers them for sale to the firms. a)find the equilibrium selling price of a pollution right, as well as the allocation of rights (and hence pollution levels) across the two factories. b)repeat part (a) for the case where the government’s desired level of pollution equals 14. c)comment on the usefulness of a pollution rights market in achieving efficient levels of pollution abatement.

Depreciation on the company's equipment for 2017 is computed to be $18,000.the prepaid insurance account had a $6,000 debit balance at december 31, 2017, before adjusting for the costs of any expired coverage. an analysis of the company's insurance policies showed that $1,100 of unexpired insurance coverage remains. the office supplies account had a $700 debit balance on december 31, 2016; and $3,480 of office supplies were purchased during the year. the december 31, 2017, physical count showed $300 of supplies available. two-thirds of the work related to $15,000 of cash received in advance was performed this period. the prepaid insurance account had a $6,800 debit balance at december 31, 2017, before adjusting for the costs of any expired coverage. an analysis of insurance policies showed that $5,800 of coverage had expired. wage expenses of $3,200 have been incurred but are not paid as of december 31, 2017.

At the beginning of 2014, winston corporation issued 10% bonds with a face value of $2,000,000. these bonds mature in five years, and interest is paid semiannually on june 30 and december 31. the bonds were sold for $1,852,800 to yield 12%. winston uses a calendar-year reporting period. using the effective-interest method of amortization, what amount of interest expense should be reported for 2014? (round your answer to the nearest dollar.)