Shoe-leather costs are the costs of.

a. having to change prices as inflation increases.
b. living adjustments as inflation increases.
c. the increased number of transactions as inflation increases.
d. the raw material used in production.

Resources and capabilities, such as interpersonal relations among managers and a firm's culture, that may be costly to imitate because they are beyond the ability of firms to systematically manage and influence are referred to asanswers: socially complex. causally ambiguous. path dependent. the result of unique historical conditions.

At the end of the week, carla receives her paycheck and goes directly to the bank after work to make a deposit into her savings account. the bank keeps the required reserve and then loans out the remaining balance to a qualified borrower named malik as a portion of his small business loan. malik uses the loan to buy a tractor for his construction business and makes small monthly payments to the bank to payback the principal balance plus interest on the loan. the bank profits from a portion of the interest payment received and also passes some of the interest back to carla in the form of an interest payment to her savings account. in this example, the bank is acting

Responsible for setting the goals and planning for the future as well as leading and controlling the work of others. out the decisions of top management. often responsible for various departments such as the production, marketing, and accounting departments. process or function of planning organizing leading and controlling. the resources arranged in an orderly and functional way to accomplish goals and objectives. the company on track and making sure goals are met. for the daily operations of a business. examples of this are supervisors, office managers, and crew leaders. act or process of creating goals and objectives as well as the strategies to meet them. for the daily operations of a business. examples of this are supervisors, office managers, and crew leaders. how the firm is structured and who is in charge of whom. direction and vision