(Identifying spontaneous, temporary, and permanent sources of financing) Classify each of the following sources of new financing as spontaneous, temporary, or permanent: a. A manufacturing firm enters into a loan agreement with its bank that calls for annual principal and interest payments spread over the next four years. b. A retail firm orders new items of inventory that are charged to the firm's trade credit. c. A trucking firm issues common stock to the public and uses the proceeds to upgrade its tractor fleet.

Jackson is preparing for his hearing before the federal communications commission (fcc) involving a complaint that was filed against him by the fcc regarding the interruption of radio frequency. the order to "cease and desist" using the radio frequency has had a detrimental impact on his business. once the administrative law judge prepares his or her initial order, jackson has no further options. no, jackson can request that the matter be reviewed by an agency board or commission. yes, once the initial order is presented, it's only a matter of time before the order becomes final.

9. tax types: taxes are classified based on whether they are applied directly to income, called direct taxes, or to some other measurable performance characteristic of the firm, called indirect taxes. identify each of the following as a “direct tax,” an “indirect tax,” or something else: a. corporate income tax paid by a japanese subsidiary on its operating income b. royalties paid to saudi arabia for oil extracted and shipped to world markets c. interest received by a u. s. parent on bank deposits held in london d. interest received by a u. s. parent on a loan to a subsidiary in mexico e. principal repayment received by u. s. parent from belgium on a loan to a wholly owned subsidiary in belgium f. excise tax paid on cigarettes manufactured and sold within the united states g. property taxes paid on the corporate headquarters building in seattle h. a direct contribution to the international committee of the red cross for refugee relief i. deferred income tax, shown as a deduction on the u. s. parent’s consolidated income tax j. withholding taxes withheld by germany on dividends paid to a united kingdom parent corporation

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