Over time, members of the supply chain often formalize their relationship by entering into contracts that dictate various terms, such as how much Walmart will buy from P&G each month and at what price, as well as the penalties for late deliveries. This contract is an example of a(n)
contractual vertical marketing system

Faldo corp sells on terms that allow customers 45 days to pay for merchandise. its sales last year were $325,000, and its year-end receivables were $60,000. if its dso is less than the 45-day credit period, then customers are paying on time. otherwise, they are paying late. by how much are customers paying early or late? base your answer on this equation: dso - credit period = days early or late, and use a 365-day year when calculating the dso. a positive answer indicates late payments, while a negative answer indicates early payments. a. 21.27b. 22.38c. 23.50d. 24.68e. 25.91b