The following account balances appear on the balance sheet of Osgood Industries:
Common Stock (300,000 shares authorized, $100 par): $10,000,000
Paid-In Capital in Excess of Par—Common Stock: $2,000,000
Retained Earnings: $45,000,000
The board of directors declared a 2% stock dividend when the market price of the stock was $135 a share.

Required:
(1) Journalize the entries to record:*
(a) the declaration of the dividend, capitalizing an amount equal to market value
(b) the issuance of the stock certificates
(2) Determine the following amounts before the stock dividend was declared:
(a) Total paid-in capital
(b) Total retained earnings
(c) Total stockholders’ equity
(3) Determine the following amounts after the stock dividend was declared and closing entries were recorded at the end of the year:
(a) Total paid-in capital
(b) Total retained earnings
(c) Total stockholders’ equity

Sarah salesrep is brand new to her job selling "lifetime" printers that never need replacement ink cartridges. the problem is that these printers cost ten times more than a regular printer, so it is difficult to get prospective buyers to understand the cost savings of buying it. to break through the barrier and begin making sales, sarah should use a analysis that highlights her printer's lower cost.

Schonhardt corporation's relevant range of activity is 2,500 units to 5,500 units. when it produces and sells 4,000 units, its average costs per unit are as follows: averagecost per unitdirect materials $ 7.60direct labor $ 2.90variable manufacturing overhead $ 1.65fixed manufacturing overhead $ 2.90fixed selling expense $ 0.95fixed administrative expense $ 0.65sales commissions $ 0.75variable administrative expense $ 0.65if 4,500 units are produced, the total amount of fixed manufacturing cost incurred is closest to: multiple choicea $16,800b $11,400c $11,600d $15,400

Laval produces lamps and home lighting fixtures. its most popular product is a brushed aluminum desk lamp. this lamp is made from components shaped in the fabricating department and assembled in the assembly department. information related to the 22,000 desk lamps produced annually follows. direct materials $280,000direct labor fabricating department (8,000 dlh × $24 per dlh) $192,000assembly department (16,600 dlh × $26 per dlh) $431,600machine hours fabricating department $15,200mhassembly department $20,850mhexpected overhead cost and related data for the two production departments follow. fabricating assemblydirect labor hours 150,000dlh 295,000dlhmachine hours 161,000mh 128,000mhoverhead cost $400,000 430,000required1. determine the plantwide overhead rate for laval using direct labor hours as a base.2. determine the total manufacturing cost per unit for the aluminum desk lamp using the plantwide overhead rate.3. compute departmental overhead rates based on machine hours in the fabricating department and direct labor hours in the assembly department.4. use departmental overhead rates from requirement 3 to determine the total manufacturing cost per unit for the aluminum desk lamps.