In countries where corruption is part of culture norms, to bribe or not to bribe could be a question (or a challenge) for business. Some U. S. managers argue that not to follow local norms may reduce U. S. business’s competitive advantages in foreign countries. What is your take on this statement?

It's true, blending in the practices of the country will always be the best policy for companies to survive.

Explanation:

Just as one person cannot survive in a foreign country without adapting it's cultural norms, a company cannot thrive in a business environment without understanding and adapting it.

This analogy is the simplest way to understand that how important it is to get the idea of the environment your company is established in. No one is Messiah, companies has a goal to earn profit and you cannot if you will go for morality because it's idealist.

Take example of Pakistan, A U.S. company wants to establish it's plant in Karachi, but they chooses to run it with morality, and are against bribing officials for their work, what do you think for how long they will survive like this? My guess is not for even a month.

answer: marginal utility of the fourth brownie is 0.

explanation: marginal utility is the addtional utility gained from the consumption of one more unit of a good. it is given by,

so, marginal utility at the 4th unit will be given by

since, the values are not given here, you can simply find marginal utility at fourth unit by subtracting total utility at 3rd unit from total utility at 4th unit.