Shareholders' equity:

a. is equal to total assets plus total liabilities.
b. decreases whenever new shares of stock are issued.
c. represents the residual value of a firm.
d. includes long-term debt, preferred stock, and common stock.
e. increases in value anytime total assets increases.

Salvador county issued $25 million of 5% demand bonds for construction of a county maintenance building. the county has no take-out agreement related to the bonds. it estimates that 20% of the bonds would be demanded (called) by the buyers if interest rates increased at least 1%. at year-end rates on comparable debt were 7%. how should these demand bonds be reported in the government-wide financial statements at year-end? a) $25 million in the long-term liability section of the governmental activities column. b) $5 million in the current liability section of the governmental activities column and $20 million in the long-term liabilities section of the governmental activities column. c) $5 million in the governmental activities column and $20 million would be reported in the schedule of changes in long-term debt obligations. d) $25 million in the current liability section of the governmental activities column

Which of the following pairs is most similar to each other? a. barter goods and fiat money b. digital money and barter goods c. fiat money and digital money d. commodity money and digital money

Afactory owner wants his workers to produce as many widgets as they can so he pays his workers based on how many widgets they produce. however, in order to make sure that the workers do not rush and produce a large number of poorly made widgets, he checks the widgets at random at various stages of their manufacture. if a defect is found in a widget, the pay of the entire section of the factory responsible for that defect is docked. how is this factory owner seeking to solve the agency conflict problem in this case?