Which of the following statements about the role of institutions in economic growth is true and which of the following statements is false? explain. (a) higher expropriation risk due to low-quality governance and poor insti- tutions might account for low levels of human and public capital in poor nations (b) the quality of institutions in countries colonized by europeans is corre- lated with whether climate/disease allowed european settlers to live in those areas (c) low-quality institutions make it difficult to protect property rights and enforce contracts (d) low-quality institutions are central to the theory of poverty traps that states that countries need a 'big push' to facilitate convergence in living standards to the developed world

Vortex company operates a retail store with two departments. information about those departments follows. department a department b sales $ 800,000 $ 450,000 cost of goods sold 497,000 291,000 direct expenses salaries 125,000 88,000 insurance 20,000 10,000 utilities 24,000 14,000 depreciation 21,000 12,000 maintenance 7,000 5,000 the company also incurred the following indirect costs. salaries $36,000 insurance 6,000 depreciation 15,000 office expenses 50,000 indirect costs are allocated as follows: salaries on the basis of sales; insurance and depreciation on the basis of square footage; and office expenses on the basis of number of employees. additional information about the departments follows. department square footage number of employees a 28,000 75 b 12,000 50 required: 1. determine the departmental contribution to overhead and the departmental net income for department a and department b.