Product placement (the use of branded products by characters in films and tv shows in return for a fee paid by the brand's owner) is commonplace today. several news agencies have done extensive reports on the common practice. how often have you seen a character drinking a brand of soda, going to shop at a named retail outlet, or using some branded electronics equipment? if you haven't noticed these ads, you are probably experiencing:

a.
defensive biases

b.
feedback variables

c.
differences in communication media

d.
perceptual filters

e.
communications deviations

d. This is clearly a case of perceptual filters. There are many people in the theater watching a movie. Suppose a James Bond movie, shows James Bond using a Sony mobile hand set.

Explanation:

Audience in the theater, who wants to buy a new handset, will pay attention and notice the fact that James Bond is using a Sony hand set. But audiences, who do not need to buy a hand set will probably not notice the brand or the model. So, those who do not want to buy a new mobile set are using their perceptual filters by not noticing the brand.

answer; property tax payment made in july and december;

answer; (10%) commission;