Mr. yamane plans each mathematics unit beginning with a set of outcomes specifying what he wants the students to achieve, based largely on the common core state standards for his grade. he then plans the lessons that will the students achieve those outcomes and the assessments he will use to determine whether they have, in fact, achieved them. the planning process mr. yamane is using is

a. formative assessment.
b. dynamic assessment.
c. curriculum-based measurement.
d. backward design.

In which of the following games is it clearly the case that the cooperative outcome of the game is good for the two players and bad for society? a. two oil companies own adjacent oil fields over a common pool of oil, and each company decides whether to drill one well or two wells. b. two airlines dominate air travel between city a and city b, and each airline decides whether to charge a "high" airfare or a "low" airfare on flights between those two cities. c. two superpowers decide whether to build new weapons or to disarm. d. in all of the above cases, the cooperative outcome of the game is good for the two players and bad for society